SDH原理與技術(shù)

第1章 概 述                  
 1.1 SDH產(chǎn)生的技術(shù)背景1                  
 1.2 SDH基本概念和特點(diǎn)3                  
 1.3 SDH的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)4                  
 1.3.1 IP傳送技術(shù)5                  
 1.3.2 SDH的新應(yīng)用8                  
                   
 第2章 速率與幀結(jié)構(gòu)                  
 2.1 同步數(shù)字系列的速率10                  
 2.2 幀結(jié)構(gòu)11                  
 2.3 段開銷12                  
 2.3.1 SDH的復(fù)用段與再生段12                  
 2.3.2 段開銷的字節(jié)安排13                  
 2.3.3 SDH字節(jié)功能15                  
                   
 第3章 同步復(fù)用和映射方法                  
 3.1 SDH的復(fù)用結(jié)構(gòu)19                  
 3.2 復(fù)用單元21                  
 3.2.1 容器21                  
 3.2.2 虛容器22                  
 3.2.3 支路單元和支路單元組23                  
 3.2.4 管理單元和管理單元組23                  
 3.3 映 射24                  
 3.3.1 映射方式25                  
 3.3.2 異步映射25                  
 3.3.3 同步映射34                  
 3.3.4 各種映射方式的比較35                  
 3.3.5 STM-0的映射復(fù)用結(jié)構(gòu)36                  
 3.3.6 ATM信元的映射37                  
 3.4 指針調(diào)整技術(shù)39                  
 3.4.1 管理單元指針調(diào)整技術(shù)40                  
 3.4.2 支路單元指針調(diào)整技術(shù)44                  
 3.5 VC級(jí)聯(lián)45                  
 3.5.1 VC-4的相鄰級(jí)聯(lián)45                  
 3.5.2 VC-3/4的虛級(jí)聯(lián)46                  
 3.5.3 VC-4相鄰級(jí)聯(lián)與虛級(jí)聯(lián)的互通48                  
 3.6 同步復(fù)用50                  
 3.6.1 2Mbit/s復(fù)用進(jìn)STM-1的過程50                  
 3.6.2 34Mbit/s復(fù)用進(jìn)STM-1的過程51                  
 3.6.3 140Mbit/s復(fù)用進(jìn)STM-1的過程51                  
 3.6.4 4個(gè)AUG-N復(fù)用進(jìn)AUG-4N52                  
                   
 第4章 網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)與生存性                  
 4.1 傳送網(wǎng)的描述53                  
 4.2 傳送網(wǎng)的分層和分割58                  
 4.2.1 SDH傳送網(wǎng)分層模型59                  
 4.2.2 層網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分割61                  
 4.2.3 帶光放大器的SDH分層模型62                  
 4.3 傳送網(wǎng)的物理拓?fù)?3                  
 4.3.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)63                  
 4.3.2 我國的SDH傳送網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)66                  
 4.4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的保護(hù)與恢復(fù)68                  
 4.5 線路保護(hù)倒換72                  
 4.5.1 線路保護(hù)倒換的基本結(jié)構(gòu)72                  
 4.5.2 線性APS倒換協(xié)議73                  
 4.6 自愈環(huán)75                  
 4.6.1 SDH自愈環(huán)的工作原理76                  
 4.6.2 自愈環(huán)的APS協(xié)議84                  
 4.6.3 各種自愈環(huán)的比較和網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用86                  
 4.7 DXC保護(hù)95                  
 4.8 網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存性能的比較98                  
                   
 第5章 SDH設(shè)備功能模型                  
 5.1 原子功能結(jié)構(gòu)的基本規(guī)則100                  
 5.2 監(jiān)控處理和管理信息流112                  
 5.3 SDH層功能描述125                  
 5.3.1 SDH物理層125                  
 5.3.2 STM-N再生段層130                  
 5.3.3 STM-N復(fù)用段層135                  
 5.3.4 高階SDH通道（Sn）層139                  
 5.3.5 低階SDH通道（Sm）層148                  
 5.4 SDH設(shè)備原子功能構(gòu)建149                  
 5.4.1 SDH物理層功能150                  
 5.4.2 再生段功能151                  
 5.4.3 復(fù)用段功能152                  
 5.4.4 通道層功能154                  
 5.5 典型SDH產(chǎn)品介紹158                  
 5.5.1 關(guān)于SDH產(chǎn)品158                  
 5.5.2 典型SDH產(chǎn)品介紹159                  
                   
 第6章 SDH網(wǎng)同步                  
 6.1 網(wǎng)同步的基本原理163                  
 6.1.1 數(shù)字網(wǎng)中的同步163                  
 6.1.2 數(shù)字網(wǎng)中的同步方式164                  
 6.1.3 從時(shí)鐘的工作方式165                  
 6.2 SDH同步網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)166                  
 6.2.1 同步網(wǎng)構(gòu)成166                  
 6.2.2 SDH網(wǎng)同步中的時(shí)鐘類型和時(shí)鐘等級(jí)167                  
 6.2.3 定時(shí)基準(zhǔn)的分配168                  
 6.3 SDH網(wǎng)的定時(shí)方式169                  
 6.3.1 SETS定時(shí)信息的提取169                  
 6.3.2 同步狀態(tài)信息比特的使用170                  
 6.3.3 SDH同步定時(shí)工作方式171                  
 6.4 時(shí)鐘的定時(shí)要求173                  
 6.4.1 基準(zhǔn)主時(shí)鐘定時(shí)要求173                  
 6.4.2 從時(shí)鐘定時(shí)要求175                  
 6.4.3 SDH設(shè)備時(shí)鐘定時(shí)要求175                  
 6.5 SDH網(wǎng)同步的規(guī)劃181                  
 6.6 典型時(shí)鐘設(shè)備介紹183                  
                   
 第7章 SDH線路系統(tǒng)和光接口                  
 7.1 概 述186                  
 7.2 傳輸媒質(zhì)188                  
 7.2.1 光纖的種類188                  
 7.2.2 光纖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的新發(fā)展190                  
 7.2.3 光纖的主要參數(shù)193                  
 7.2.4 光纖的非線性195                  
 7.3 再生器197                  
 7.3.1 再生器的功能197                  
 7.3.2 再生器的性能199                  
 7.4 光接口及其技術(shù)要求200                  
 7.4.1 光接口的類型201                  
 7.4.2 光接口參數(shù)203                  
 7.4.3 光接口參數(shù)規(guī)范209                  
 7.5 光傳輸設(shè)計(jì)方法214                  
 7.5.1 最壞值設(shè)計(jì)方法215                  
 7.5.2 統(tǒng)計(jì)法設(shè)計(jì)217                  
 7.5.3 聯(lián)合設(shè)計(jì)法217                  
 7.6 超高速SDH光線路系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)218                  
 7.6.1 系統(tǒng)功率預(yù)算218                  
 7.6.2 色散預(yù)算220                  
 7.6.3 光纖非線性限制223                  
 7.7 波分復(fù)用系統(tǒng)的光接口224                  
                   
 第8章 SDH傳送網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能                  
 8.1 傳輸性能指標(biāo)體系228                  
 8.2 假設(shè)參考通道和數(shù)字段230                  
 8.2.1 假設(shè)參考連接和通道230                  
 8.2.2 假設(shè)參考數(shù)字鏈路（通道）231                  
 8.2.3 假設(shè)參考數(shù)字段231                  
 8.2.4 國內(nèi)最長(zhǎng)假設(shè)參考通道232                  
 8.3 誤碼性能232                  
 8.3.1 概 述232                  
 8.3.2 基群以下數(shù)字連接的誤碼性能234                  
 8.3.3 基群及更高速率的國際數(shù)字通道的誤碼性能235                  
 8.3.4 SDH數(shù)字通道. 復(fù)用段投入業(yè)務(wù)和維護(hù)性能限值240                  
 8.3.5 小 結(jié)242                  
 8.4 抖動(dòng)性能243                  
 8.4.1 抖動(dòng)的概念和影響243                  
 8.4.2 抖動(dòng)性能的規(guī)范244                  
 8.4.3 抖動(dòng)的減少249                  
 8.5 漂移特性250                  
 8.5.1 漂移的概念和影響250                  
 8.5.2 漂移性能的規(guī)范251                  
 8.6 可用性目標(biāo)253                  
 8.6.1 可用性定義253                  
 8.6.2 可用性目標(biāo)253                  
 8.6.3 不可用時(shí)間的分配253                  
                   
 第9章 SDH網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理                  
 9.1 概 述255                  
 9.2 電信管理網(wǎng)256                  
 9.3 SDH網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理263                  
 9.3.1 SDH管理網(wǎng)的組織模型263                  
 9.3.2 SMN, SMS和TMN的關(guān)系264                  
 9.3.3 信息模型265                  
 9.3.4 SMN的分層結(jié)構(gòu)266                  
 9.3.5 SDH網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理267                  
 9.4 管理協(xié)議及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口268                  
 9.4.1 SDH的ECC協(xié)議棧268                  
 9.4.2 簡(jiǎn)單網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理協(xié)議SNMP269                  
 9.4.3 公共管理信息協(xié)議CMIP270                  
 9.4.4 管理接口270                  
 9.5 SEMS 2.0網(wǎng)管系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介271                  
 9.5.1 SEMS 2.0系統(tǒng)概述271                  
 9.5.2 SEMS 2.0系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介271                  
 9.5.3 SEMS 2.0系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)273                  
 9.6 SDH網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的發(fā)展273                  
 附錄 縮略語277                  
 參考文獻(xiàn)287